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Physical and the Lasting Impact of Jane Fonda’s Fitness Empire - Vanity Fair

The Rose Byrne dramedy has even more similarities with Jane Fonda’s aerobics era than you might think. 

In Physical, Rose Byrne plays Sheila—a sardonic, bulimic homemaker who snarls behind her husband’s back, drains his bank account, and uses his preoccupation with his political campaign to discretely pursue her own aerobic ambition. The black comedy follows Sheila as she putters about her daily life, suddenly finding meaning when she switches from her usual ballet class to aerobics. She becomes flooded with endorphins and enlightenment, generating a newfound passion for life. 

Watching the series, you may be struck by its frequent parallels to another 1980s-era woman—one who also struggled with an eating disorder, was married to a political figure, and became transformed by the life-changing power of physical fitness. I’m talking, of course, about Jane Fonda. 

In the 1960s, Fonda was a golden-haired actor with a famous last name, starring in films like Barbarella. In the 1970s, she was a rousing activist and legitimate movie star with two Academy Awards under her belt for decade-defining films Klute and Coming Home. And in the 1980s, she transformed yet again. Fonda was still a star, kicking off the decade with back-to-back hits 9 to 5 and the sentimental On Golden Pond. But she’d also developed a competing obsession with physical fitness. Fonda was so devoted to it that she opened aerobics studios in California, including one in Beverly Hills where she herself would teach early morning classes. “There’d be a gym for men and nothing for women,” she recalled in a 2014 interview. “We were not supposed to be strong and fit.”

She kicked the zeal up a notch in 1982 by releasing Jane Fonda’s Workout, a home video where the actor—in a striped pink leotard and purple tights, hair fluffed to heaven—instructs viewers to feel the burn. The video, now iconic, was an instant hit, so in demand that it pushed sales of VCR players and birthed a whole new genre of video. As Fonda said in a 1987 interview: “I remember thinking, Oh, God, wouldn’t it be great if I could sell 25,000 [tapes]? Three million tapes later, we created an industry.” 

Fonda followed her first hit with several more videos, and published a best-selling book full of advice like, “exercise teaches you the pleasure of discipline!” In the press, Fonda told stories about women approaching her and professing how the workout changed their lives. One told her that seeing her new muscles had made her feel strong enough to stand up to her boss. Another told the actor that she had stopped needing to take sleeping pills. 

Physical does not play with such high stakes, at least in its first season. The show is much more focused on Sheila’s fledgling aerobics obsession, building plot points out of her sneaking into classes and making unpleasant small talk with fellow moms at her daughter’s school. It’s also extremely internal, with a fair portion of dialogue unfolding in Sheila’s own head as she monologues about what’s wrong with herself and everyone around her. Fonda’s feminist altruism is completely absent; Sheila is a coolly detached antihero, and the show is all the more delicious for it. 

But there are also other vital similarities between Fonda and Sheila, beyond their obsession with physical fitness. Much of the show is a frank depiction of Sheila’s battle with bulimia, a punishing eating disorder that culminates in a rash of devastating binges. (Show creator Annie Weisman has said she also struggled with an eating disorder and wanted to depict the struggle in the series.) Like Sheila, Fonda also struggled with bulimia for years. Workouts helped to normalize her relationship to food, Fonda has said, eventually helping her quit the cycle of bingeing and purging cold turkey. 

“There was something about taking control of my body in that way that got me over the addiction. It changed my perception of myself,” Fonda said in the documentary Jane Fonda in Five Acts. “It was a revolution for me.”

Fonda and Sheila’s family lives also run on parallel tracks. In the show, Sheila has a young daughter and is married to Danny (Rory Scovel), a hippie professor who turns to politics. Though she secretly loathes him, Sheila throws her support behind him, using her energy to buoy him through his campaign. As Byrne herself has said, the plotline is a study in regressive gender dynamics, a portrait of a forward-thinking, progressive, and talented young Berkeley grad who feels stuck in middle age, propping up her husband’s ambitions. 

Fonda too was dealing with elements of this dynamic at this point in her life. Since 1973, she had been married to activist and politician Tom Hayden, who, in the 1980s and early ’90s, served as a member of the California State Assembly. He had previously run for senator, launching a failed bid that nonetheless surpassed public expectation. After the race, he and Fonda, who had two young children, launched the Campaign for Economic Democracy, a political action committee that supported progressive figures and causes. 

When Fonda released her initial workout video, she relinquished ownership to the CED, so that money from sales could be used to support the cause. As the Workout franchise racked up millions, Fonda herself didn’t make a cent. The success of her videos offered Hayden and Fonda’s organization a stable cash flow—but Fonda has been blunt about the rift it caused between them. Though Fonda, like Hayden, was a radical activist, the optics of her fitness empire was starting to chafe against his politics. Her changing reputation in the public eye was encapsulated by a Bette Midler joke at the time: “Did you ever think she would embrace capitalism with such fervor?”

“Here is a man who was considered an intellectual,” Fonda herself recalled about Hayden in Five Acts. “I don’t know how many books he’d written. And then I write Jane Fonda’s Workout Book, and it becomes number one on The New York Times for two years. Two solid years. The workout book? I mean, if I was him, I would have had a certain degree of resentment.”

“He thought I was superficial,” she continued. “That I wasn’t smart enough.”

Physical explores a similar push and pull. Aerobics offers Sheila a release from Danny’s self-centeredness. The workout classes are a space where she can feel powerful, taking back some of the control she’s lost in her regular life. “It changed many, many women,” Fonda once said of her workout videos. “Not just their outsides, but their psyches. There’s a sense of ‘I’m here. Deal with it.’” Physical reaches back into that era, tracing the life of one such woman who transforms her own psyche—trying to save herself, one workout at a time. 

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